{"Id":"3599f0ef-67fc-4130-910f-0c482612d16f","Tags":["qu829.sys"],"Verified":"TRUE","Author":"Michael Haag","Created":"2026-05-05","MitreID":"T1068","Category":"malicious","Commands":{"Command":"sc.exe create qu829 binPath=C:\\windows\\qu829.sys type=kernel && sc.exe start qu829","Description":"Kernel driver signed by \"Fuqing Yuntan Network Tech Co.,Ltd.\" (a revoked VeriSign code-signing certificate that Microsoft has flagged as abused). Multiple samples in this family produce a Cobalt Strike beacon reflective loader YARA hit (Elastic protections-artifacts ruleset Windows_Trojan_CobaltStrike) and are detected by Microsoft as Trojan:Win32/Hitbrovi.G. Samples are dropped to C:\\Windows under random eight-character filenames (e.g. qu829.exe) and registered as kernel services. Both observed variants share imphash ca73883db8881686fb258a9d289e3909.","OperatingSystem":"Windows 10","Privileges":"kernel","Usecase":"Elevate privileges"},"Resources":["https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/46f2c93c279763a818dffbf89c8893ac0718bd3f5d8fbf327887063068a412a5","https://www.virustotal.com/gui/file/57d7a0e5d53a7403c2ea7ae6f6836f43a9fdebefcc8408d66e7dea02ffc41f94","https://github.com/elastic/protections-artifacts"],"Acknowledgement":{"Person":"Florian Roth","Handle":"@cyb3rops"},"Detection":[],"KnownVulnerableSamples":[{"Filename":"qu829.exe","MD5":"9c31fe097a5cac88d27fbe93fda4e056","SHA1":"131b5c8a1083393229999f899826fdc459c8ff2b","SHA256":"46f2c93c279763a818dffbf89c8893ac0718bd3f5d8fbf327887063068a412a5","LoadsDespiteHVCI":"FALSE","Imphash":"ca73883db8881686fb258a9d289e3909","Authentihash":{"MD5":"88780d79dd6cae782f36fc52ac17bbd8","SHA1":"5ac2f87cdf1cd081d3bb93e6f11a092be40209c6","SHA256":"c057c41b368712a5909c51df83ef28a8cf602056996d3763410375e6122edcb2"},"RichPEHeaderHash":{"MD5":"92a461da5c444ee612e4a19b1d124832","SHA1":"f04ab20ff42620d77a19af82715bfa9f8583f7ef","SHA256":"c7f092734e6b9bcb929da9a721c2fb2bd73b4a8f4d5109cd18cb9d3e399030b5"},"Sections":{".text":{"Entropy":6.319087626592286,"Virtual Size":"0x6d04"},".rdata":{"Entropy":4.389270252492741,"Virtual Size":"0xd60"},".data":{"Entropy":5.427443025650007,"Virtual Size":"0x2060"},".pdata":{"Entropy":4.456312747862017,"Virtual Size":"0x588"},".gfids":{"Entropy":0.8112781244591328,"Virtual Size":"0x4"},"INIT":{"Entropy":5.281712917084569,"Virtual Size":"0xbb4"},".ada0":{"Entropy":7.738098119280147,"Virtual Size":"0x10754"},".reloc":{"Entropy":3.7564481060248367,"Virtual Size":"0x50"}},"MagicHeader":"50 45 0 0","CreationTimestamp":"2024-01-08 22:51:53","Description":"","Company":"","InternalName":"","OriginalFilename":"","FileVersion":"","Product":"","ProductVersion":"","Copyright":"","MachineType":"AMD64","Imports":["fwpkclnt.sys","ntoskrnl.exe","WDFLDR.SYS"],"ExportedFunctions":"","ImportedFunctions":["FwpsRedirectHandleCreate0","FwpsApplyModifiedLayerData0","FwpsAcquireWritableLayerDataPointer0","FwpsReleaseClassifyHandle0","FwpsAcquireClassifyHandle0","FwpsQueryConnectionRedirectState0","FwpsCalloutRegister2","RtlCompareMemory","ExAllocatePool","ExFreePoolWithTag","CmRegisterCallback","PsCreateSystemThread","ZwClose","MmIsAddressValid","PsSetCreateProcessNotifyRoutine","PsSetCreateThreadNotifyRoutine","PsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutine","__C_specific_handler","RtlInitUnicodeString","IofCompleteRequest","IoCreateDevice","IoCreateSymbolicLink","IoDeleteDevice","ObfDereferenceObject","PsGetCurrentProcessId","ZwOpenProcess","PsLookupProcessByProcessId","ZwWaitForSingleObject","PsReferenceProcessFilePointer","RtlCompareUnicodeStrings","KeEnterCriticalRegion","KeLeaveCriticalRegion","KeWaitForSingleObject","ExQueryDepthSList","ExpInterlockedPopEntrySList","ExpInterlockedPushEntrySList","ExInitializeNPagedLookasideList","ExInitializeResourceLite","ExAcquireResourceSharedLite","ExAcquireResourceExclusiveLite","ExReleaseResourceLite","PsTerminateSystemThread","ObReferenceObjectByHandle","KeStackAttachProcess","KeUnstackDetachProcess","PsGetProcessWow64Process","PsGetProcessImageFileName","ZwCreateFile","ZwQueryInformationFile","ZwReadFile","ExAllocatePoolWithTag","MmGetSystemRoutineAddress","KeInitializeSpinLock","KeAcquireInStackQueuedSpinLock","KeReleaseInStackQueuedSpinLock","RtlIpv4AddressToStringA","IoGetCurrentProcess","PsGetProcessId","PsProcessType","PsGetProcessPeb","RtlInitAnsiString","RtlAnsiStringToUnicodeString","RtlFreeUnicodeString","_vsnprintf","_vsnwprintf","RtlGetVersion","KeInitializeEvent","KeQueryTimeIncrement","RtlRandomEx","ZwSetInformationFile","ZwWriteFile","IoFileObjectType","ZwTerminateProcess","KeBugCheckEx","RtlCopyUnicodeString","_wcslwr","wcsstr","ExSystemTimeToLocalTime","RtlTimeToTimeFields","WdfVersionUnbindClass","WdfVersionBindClass","WdfVersionUnbind","WdfVersionBind"],"Signatures":[{"CertificatesInfo":"","SignerInfo":"","Certificates":[{"Subject":"C=CN, ST=Fuzhou, L=Fuqing, O=Fuqing Yuntan Network Tech Co.,Ltd., OU=Digital ID Class 3 , Microsoft Software Validation v2, CN=Fuqing Yuntan Network Tech Co.,Ltd.","ValidFrom":"2013-04-09 00:00:00","ValidTo":"2014-04-09 23:59:59","Signature":"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","SignatureAlgorithmOID":"1.2.840.113549.1.1.5","IsCertificateAuthority":false,"SerialNumber":"516ceb03f17e10c24b45ffb6336e5915","Version":3,"CertificateType":"Leaf (Code Signing)","IsCodeSigning":true,"IsCA":false,"TBS":{"MD5":"fe2cc3b135dc2f887e620d33a02ef639","SHA1":"a92b0a710c038b8556fb3d74742118f75c5c3d57","SHA256":"4b98540e377559d976ea0a9e40920f4a308a060fd16b27665fc7a8f2273df483","SHA384":"a713c1f2d1fb5bd88108f0241683b012083946779e31971206eef1a580f5813b26a2aae376162ac2193509ff8ce675fe"}},{"Subject":"C=US, O=VeriSign, Inc., OU=VeriSign Trust Network, OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. , For authorized use only, CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority , G5","ValidFrom":"2011-02-22 19:25:17","ValidTo":"2021-02-22 19:35:17","Signature":"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","SignatureAlgorithmOID":"1.2.840.113549.1.1.5","IsCertificateAuthority":true,"SerialNumber":"611993e400000000001c","Version":3,"CertificateType":"CA","IsCodeSigning":false,"IsCA":true,"TBS":{"MD5":"78a717e082dcc1cda3458d917e677d14","SHA1":"4a872e0e51f9b304469cd1dedb496ee9b8b983a4","SHA256":"317fa1d234ebc49040ebc5e8746f8997471496051b185a91bdd9dfbb23fab5f8","SHA384":"b71052da4eb9157c8c1a5d7f55df19d69b9128598b72fcca608e5b7cc7d64c43c5504b9c86355a6dc22ee40c88cc385c"}},{"Subject":"C=US, O=VeriSign, Inc., OU=VeriSign Trust Network, OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10, CN=VeriSign Class 3 Code Signing 2010 CA","ValidFrom":"2010-02-08 00:00:00","ValidTo":"2020-02-07 23:59:59","Signature":"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","SignatureAlgorithmOID":"1.2.840.113549.1.1.5","IsCertificateAuthority":true,"SerialNumber":"5200e5aa2556fc1a86ed96c9d44b33c7","Version":3,"CertificateType":"CA","IsCodeSigning":true,"IsCA":true,"TBS":{"MD5":"b30c31a572b0409383ed3fbe17e56e81","SHA1":"4843a82ed3b1f2bfbee9671960e1940c942f688d","SHA256":"03cda47a6e654ed85d932714fc09ce4874600eda29ec6628cfbaeb155cab78c9","SHA384":"bbda8407c4f9fc4e54d772f1c7fb9d30bc97e1f97ecd51c443063d1fa0644e266328781776cd5c44896c457c75f4d7da"}}],"Signer":[{"SerialNumber":"516ceb03f17e10c24b45ffb6336e5915","Issuer":"C=US, O=VeriSign, Inc., OU=VeriSign Trust Network, OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10, CN=VeriSign Class 3 Code Signing 2010 CA","Version":1}]}]},{"Filename":"","MD5":"08883a5dfc47d41a60f6cea6ec3b445c","SHA1":"e09d059f3f563710b0a34e350a57eec11f47bff5","SHA256":"57d7a0e5d53a7403c2ea7ae6f6836f43a9fdebefcc8408d66e7dea02ffc41f94","LoadsDespiteHVCI":"FALSE","Imphash":"ca73883db8881686fb258a9d289e3909","Authentihash":{"MD5":"320fe6f6d734b4b45ec373af4791f1c8","SHA1":"f1fc8b7e6da16e4c99b4dd0acf3d0f8bffe018d2","SHA256":"93ff1003c1d8aa8e47802fd48942aec4cce58658c80b46488047a4826d568761"},"RichPEHeaderHash":{"MD5":"92a461da5c444ee612e4a19b1d124832","SHA1":"f04ab20ff42620d77a19af82715bfa9f8583f7ef","SHA256":"c7f092734e6b9bcb929da9a721c2fb2bd73b4a8f4d5109cd18cb9d3e399030b5"},"Sections":{".text":{"Entropy":6.312211448582288,"Virtual Size":"0x6d04"},".rdata":{"Entropy":4.3877979755209795,"Virtual Size":"0xd60"},".data":{"Entropy":5.427443025650007,"Virtual Size":"0x2060"},".pdata":{"Entropy":4.456312747862017,"Virtual Size":"0x588"},".gfids":{"Entropy":0.8112781244591328,"Virtual Size":"0x4"},"INIT":{"Entropy":5.274800284888317,"Virtual Size":"0xbb4"},".ada0":{"Entropy":7.687687210204309,"Virtual Size":"0xf5d9"},".reloc":{"Entropy":3.4467195373735784,"Virtual Size":"0x34"}},"MagicHeader":"50 45 0 0","CreationTimestamp":"2024-02-01 21:40:54","Description":"","Company":"","InternalName":"","OriginalFilename":"","FileVersion":"","Product":"","ProductVersion":"","Copyright":"","MachineType":"AMD64","Imports":["fwpkclnt.sys","ntoskrnl.exe","WDFLDR.SYS"],"ExportedFunctions":"","ImportedFunctions":["FwpsRedirectHandleCreate0","FwpsApplyModifiedLayerData0","FwpsAcquireWritableLayerDataPointer0","FwpsReleaseClassifyHandle0","FwpsAcquireClassifyHandle0","FwpsQueryConnectionRedirectState0","FwpsCalloutRegister2","RtlCompareMemory","ExAllocatePool","ExFreePoolWithTag","CmRegisterCallback","PsCreateSystemThread","ZwClose","MmIsAddressValid","PsSetCreateProcessNotifyRoutine","PsSetCreateThreadNotifyRoutine","PsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutine","__C_specific_handler","RtlInitUnicodeString","IofCompleteRequest","IoCreateDevice","IoCreateSymbolicLink","IoDeleteDevice","ObfDereferenceObject","PsGetCurrentProcessId","ZwOpenProcess","PsLookupProcessByProcessId","ZwWaitForSingleObject","PsReferenceProcessFilePointer","RtlCompareUnicodeStrings","KeEnterCriticalRegion","KeLeaveCriticalRegion","KeWaitForSingleObject","ExQueryDepthSList","ExpInterlockedPopEntrySList","ExpInterlockedPushEntrySList","ExInitializeNPagedLookasideList","ExInitializeResourceLite","ExAcquireResourceSharedLite","ExAcquireResourceExclusiveLite","ExReleaseResourceLite","PsTerminateSystemThread","ObReferenceObjectByHandle","KeStackAttachProcess","KeUnstackDetachProcess","PsGetProcessWow64Process","PsGetProcessImageFileName","ZwCreateFile","ZwQueryInformationFile","ZwReadFile","ExAllocatePoolWithTag","MmGetSystemRoutineAddress","KeInitializeSpinLock","KeAcquireInStackQueuedSpinLock","KeReleaseInStackQueuedSpinLock","RtlIpv4AddressToStringA","IoGetCurrentProcess","PsGetProcessId","PsProcessType","PsGetProcessPeb","RtlInitAnsiString","RtlAnsiStringToUnicodeString","RtlFreeUnicodeString","_vsnprintf","_vsnwprintf","RtlGetVersion","KeInitializeEvent","KeQueryTimeIncrement","RtlRandomEx","ZwSetInformationFile","ZwWriteFile","IoFileObjectType","ZwTerminateProcess","KeBugCheckEx","RtlCopyUnicodeString","_wcslwr","wcsstr","ExSystemTimeToLocalTime","RtlTimeToTimeFields","WdfVersionUnbindClass","WdfVersionBindClass","WdfVersionUnbind","WdfVersionBind"],"Signatures":[{"CertificatesInfo":"","SignerInfo":"","Certificates":[{"Subject":"C=CN, ST=Fuzhou, L=Fuqing, O=Fuqing Yuntan Network Tech Co.,Ltd., OU=Digital ID Class 3 , Microsoft Software Validation v2, CN=Fuqing Yuntan Network Tech Co.,Ltd.","ValidFrom":"2013-04-09 00:00:00","ValidTo":"2014-04-09 23:59:59","Signature":"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","SignatureAlgorithmOID":"1.2.840.113549.1.1.5","IsCertificateAuthority":false,"SerialNumber":"516ceb03f17e10c24b45ffb6336e5915","Version":3,"CertificateType":"Leaf (Code Signing)","IsCodeSigning":true,"IsCA":false,"TBS":{"MD5":"fe2cc3b135dc2f887e620d33a02ef639","SHA1":"a92b0a710c038b8556fb3d74742118f75c5c3d57","SHA256":"4b98540e377559d976ea0a9e40920f4a308a060fd16b27665fc7a8f2273df483","SHA384":"a713c1f2d1fb5bd88108f0241683b012083946779e31971206eef1a580f5813b26a2aae376162ac2193509ff8ce675fe"}},{"Subject":"C=US, O=VeriSign, Inc., OU=VeriSign Trust Network, OU=(c) 2006 VeriSign, Inc. , For authorized use only, CN=VeriSign Class 3 Public Primary Certification Authority , G5","ValidFrom":"2011-02-22 19:25:17","ValidTo":"2021-02-22 19:35:17","Signature":"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","SignatureAlgorithmOID":"1.2.840.113549.1.1.5","IsCertificateAuthority":true,"SerialNumber":"611993e400000000001c","Version":3,"CertificateType":"CA","IsCodeSigning":false,"IsCA":true,"TBS":{"MD5":"78a717e082dcc1cda3458d917e677d14","SHA1":"4a872e0e51f9b304469cd1dedb496ee9b8b983a4","SHA256":"317fa1d234ebc49040ebc5e8746f8997471496051b185a91bdd9dfbb23fab5f8","SHA384":"b71052da4eb9157c8c1a5d7f55df19d69b9128598b72fcca608e5b7cc7d64c43c5504b9c86355a6dc22ee40c88cc385c"}},{"Subject":"C=US, O=VeriSign, Inc., OU=VeriSign Trust Network, OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10, CN=VeriSign Class 3 Code Signing 2010 CA","ValidFrom":"2010-02-08 00:00:00","ValidTo":"2020-02-07 23:59:59","Signature":"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","SignatureAlgorithmOID":"1.2.840.113549.1.1.5","IsCertificateAuthority":true,"SerialNumber":"5200e5aa2556fc1a86ed96c9d44b33c7","Version":3,"CertificateType":"CA","IsCodeSigning":true,"IsCA":true,"TBS":{"MD5":"b30c31a572b0409383ed3fbe17e56e81","SHA1":"4843a82ed3b1f2bfbee9671960e1940c942f688d","SHA256":"03cda47a6e654ed85d932714fc09ce4874600eda29ec6628cfbaeb155cab78c9","SHA384":"bbda8407c4f9fc4e54d772f1c7fb9d30bc97e1f97ecd51c443063d1fa0644e266328781776cd5c44896c457c75f4d7da"}}],"Signer":[{"SerialNumber":"516ceb03f17e10c24b45ffb6336e5915","Issuer":"C=US, O=VeriSign, Inc., OU=VeriSign Trust Network, OU=Terms of use at https://www.verisign.com/rpa (c)10, CN=VeriSign Class 3 Code Signing 2010 CA","Version":1}]}]}]}