{"Id":"c22dd43e-cf1f-4338-a109-d662198ffbe9","Tags":["d591004.sys"],"Verified":"TRUE","Author":"Michael Haag","Created":"2026-04-17","MitreID":"T1068","Category":"vulnerable driver","Commands":{"Command":"sc.exe create d591004 binPath=C:\\windows\\temp\\d591004.sys type=kernel && sc.exe start d591004","Description":"d591004.sys is a vulnerable kernel driver from the KeServiceDescriptorTable/vulnerable-drivers repository. The driver exposes dangerous kernel primitives to usermode.","Usecase":"Elevate privileges","Privileges":"kernel","OperatingSystem":"Windows 10"},"Resources":["https://github.com/magicsword-io/LOLDrivers/issues/325","https://github.com/KeServiceDescriptorTable/vulnerable-drivers"],"Detection":[],"Acknowledgement":{"Person":"","Handle":"@rainbowdynamix, @DbgPrint"},"KnownVulnerableSamples":[{"Filename":"d591004.sys","MD5":"1ff3fade2ecd00882eefff12ebbb8783","SHA1":"1cb772bb82658593e2bf28330f4ad5e49041fec2","SHA256":"1da4f7f001d239a54fab50eb7c3cbc985db392a3d4405e19c3a5d2035d591004","Signature":"","Date":"","Publisher":"","Company":"","Description":"","Product":"","ProductVersion":"","FileVersion":"","MachineType":"AMD64","OriginalFilename":"","Authentihash":{"MD5":"0f29659d77ca6df9f64c9a0bce73c9cd","SHA1":"bd1321f719681f9c692f56ecf3154ca131db80a6","SHA256":"202f7501dbbdcd859b0211ab54f340723d005becce499ca1b3d8469e73529848"},"RichPEHeaderHash":{"MD5":"18f226b0c360ae47f044bae75019e620","SHA1":"cb5b5cc4c758e795bbb000e28ee25f2b8d2ad1c8","SHA256":"8ea6b0c96a5ed8eb1e82c2f44149286b74f4818524ab18026430d10dd6d485c9"},"Sections":{".text":{"Entropy":6.261386493519121,"Virtual Size":"0x44e4"},".rdata":{"Entropy":4.167221793070926,"Virtual Size":"0xa60"},".data":{"Entropy":0.6543381597824256,"Virtual Size":"0xc80"},".pdata":{"Entropy":4.2722280520357705,"Virtual Size":"0x414"},".gfids":{"Entropy":0.8112781244591328,"Virtual Size":"0x4"},"INIT":{"Entropy":5.170182384591527,"Virtual Size":"0x9c0"},".reloc":{"Entropy":2.9964393446710154,"Virtual Size":"0x28"}},"MagicHeader":"50 45 0 0","CreationTimestamp":"2024-11-12 03:24:21","InternalName":"","Copyright":"","Imports":["fwpkclnt.sys","ntoskrnl.exe","WDFLDR.SYS"],"ExportedFunctions":"","ImportedFunctions":["FwpsApplyModifiedLayerData0","FwpsRedirectHandleCreate0","FwpsAcquireWritableLayerDataPointer0","FwpsQueryConnectionRedirectState0","FwpsReleaseClassifyHandle0","FwpsAcquireClassifyHandle0","FwpsCalloutRegister2","RtlInitUnicodeString","IofCompleteRequest","IoCreateDevice","IoCreateSymbolicLink","IoDeleteDevice","ExFreePoolWithTag","ObfDereferenceObject","ZwCreateFile","ZwQueryInformationFile","ZwClose","PsLookupProcessByProcessId","PsReferenceProcessFilePointer","RtlCompareMemory","KeInitializeSpinLock","KeAcquireInStackQueuedSpinLock","KeReleaseInStackQueuedSpinLock","PsCreateSystemThread","ZwOpenProcess","ZwWaitForSingleObject","RtlIpv4AddressToStringA","IoGetCurrentProcess","PsGetProcessId","PsProcessType","PsSetCreateProcessNotifyRoutine","KeStackAttachProcess","KeUnstackDetachProcess","PsGetProcessWow64Process","PsGetProcessImageFileName","PsGetProcessPeb","RtlInitAnsiString","RtlAnsiStringToUnicodeString","RtlFreeUnicodeString","ExAllocatePool","_vsnprintf","_vsnwprintf","KeEnterCriticalRegion","KeLeaveCriticalRegion","ExInitializeResourceLite","ExAcquireResourceSharedLite","ExAcquireResourceExclusiveLite","ExReleaseResourceLite","ExAllocatePoolWithTag","ObReferenceObjectByHandle","ZwSetInformationFile","ZwReadFile","ZwWriteFile","IoFileObjectType","ZwTerminateProcess","MmGetSystemRoutineAddress","__C_specific_handler","KeInitializeEvent","KeWaitForSingleObject","KeQueryTimeIncrement","RtlRandomEx","RtlGetVersion","KeBugCheckEx","RtlCopyUnicodeString","_wcslwr","wcsstr","ExSystemTimeToLocalTime","RtlTimeToTimeFields","WdfVersionUnbind","WdfVersionBindClass","WdfVersionUnbindClass","WdfVersionBind"],"Signatures":[{"CertificatesInfo":"","SignerInfo":"","Certificates":[{"Subject":"C=US, ST=Washington, L=Redmond, O=Microsoft Corporation, CN=Microsoft Windows Hardware Compatibility Publisher","ValidFrom":"2024-10-10 19:04:52","ValidTo":"2025-10-08 19:04:52","Signature":"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","SignatureAlgorithmOID":"1.2.840.113549.1.1.11","IsCertificateAuthority":false,"SerialNumber":"330000006daa072f958218c9e300000000006d","Version":3,"CertificateType":"Leaf (Code Signing)","IsCodeSigning":true,"IsCA":false,"TBS":{"MD5":"4320213204f73b9d506bbcbb35111c2d","SHA1":"d3cbbc8331d4d84555a6726d48dfd9571738bd25","SHA256":"fe99f47e601d6b8ab1e89961000f680bf3b0e0629a8a59864e76f135e0c89699","SHA384":"e0a64b97e2ac3d56d42b593fccee2d0e80fc626b8161f60a36a2adef8fe94c7c06c7509816d1c2211400626fc1fc63c7"}},{"Subject":"C=US, ST=Washington, L=Redmond, O=Microsoft Corporation, CN=Microsoft Windows Third Party Component CA 2014","ValidFrom":"2014-10-15 20:31:27","ValidTo":"2029-10-15 20:41:27","Signature":"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","SignatureAlgorithmOID":"1.2.840.113549.1.1.11","IsCertificateAuthority":true,"SerialNumber":"330000000d690d5d7893d076df00000000000d","Version":3,"CertificateType":"CA","IsCodeSigning":false,"IsCA":true,"TBS":{"MD5":"83f69422963f11c3c340b81712eef319","SHA1":"0c5e5f24590b53bc291e28583acb78e5adc95601","SHA256":"d8be9e4d9074088ef818bc6f6fb64955e90378b2754155126feebbbd969cf0ae","SHA384":"260ad59ba706420f68ba212931153bd89f760c464b21be55fba9d014fff322407859d4ebfb78ea9a3330f60dc9821a63"}}],"Signer":[{"SerialNumber":"330000006daa072f958218c9e300000000006d","Issuer":"C=US, ST=Washington, L=Redmond, O=Microsoft Corporation, CN=Microsoft Windows Third Party Component CA 2014","Version":1}]}],"LoadsDespiteHVCI":"TRUE","Imphash":"ff87cc76b7f8139549af27a98ea0587f"}]}