{"Id":"fbd12dbb-434e-4950-887a-382b681e8a5a","Tags":["AppVkgr.sys"],"Verified":"TRUE","Author":"Michael Haag","Created":"2026-04-17","MitreID":"T1068","Category":"vulnerable driver","Commands":{"Command":"sc.exe create AppVkgr binPath=C:\\windows\\temp\\AppVkgr.sys type=kernel && sc.exe start AppVkgr","Description":"AppVkgr.sys is a vulnerable kernel driver from the KeServiceDescriptorTable/vulnerable-drivers repository. The driver exposes dangerous kernel primitives to usermode.","Usecase":"Elevate privileges","Privileges":"kernel","OperatingSystem":"Windows 10"},"Resources":["https://github.com/magicsword-io/LOLDrivers/issues/325","https://github.com/KeServiceDescriptorTable/vulnerable-drivers"],"Detection":[],"Acknowledgement":{"Person":"","Handle":"@rainbowdynamix, @DbgPrint"},"KnownVulnerableSamples":[{"Filename":"AppVkgr.sys","MD5":"d788954cd8f0aa8b45dc497a1653465e","SHA1":"9d09495b4f0f4e67d2b0e9317e0dda549d56272e","SHA256":"70b47bd596e76297ded3b096839082bc31f79ef58cdffeaac7308e8b9565a6d5","Signature":"","Date":"","Publisher":"","Company":"","Description":"","Product":"","ProductVersion":"","FileVersion":"","MachineType":"AMD64","OriginalFilename":"","Authentihash":{"MD5":"7e402a7f968b288aca8fc0f249067ea8","SHA1":"7d02a3deea214b20f9ce894ea9661498503bed74","SHA256":"8d1b302e903bcc0f658b2aaa9d27f5845f08f4f5a1263e2a8f3a713769af9f8b"},"RichPEHeaderHash":{"MD5":"eb9867df2c0a762c206c3fa2cd02d0fe","SHA1":"8532837df4ff020a79b063dbaff89dad2df46656","SHA256":"31a6bfef19822253178ffbe9420eac7dacdc2690a66fb65c3e1acef080695628"},"Sections":{".text":{"Entropy":6.300042190864349,"Virtual Size":"0x31b7"},".rdata":{"Entropy":4.752875348413333,"Virtual Size":"0xda4"},".data":{"Entropy":0.9152229896247535,"Virtual Size":"0x33f8"},".pdata":{"Entropy":4.190022335400471,"Virtual Size":"0x2f4"},"INIT":{"Entropy":5.091132602022173,"Virtual Size":"0x8fc"},".reloc":{"Entropy":3.89866246073117,"Virtual Size":"0x38"}},"MagicHeader":"50 45 0 0","CreationTimestamp":"2024-01-09 01:02:13","InternalName":"","Copyright":"","Imports":["ntoskrnl.exe","HAL.dll","WDFLDR.SYS"],"ExportedFunctions":"","ImportedFunctions":["ObfDereferenceObject","ObReferenceObjectByName","IoDriverObjectType","PsLookupProcessByProcessId","PsGetProcessSectionBaseAddress","__C_specific_handler","KeStackAttachProcess","KeUnstackDetachProcess","ExAllocatePool","ZwQuerySystemInformation","MmGetSystemRoutineAddress","ZwClose","ObOpenObjectByPointer","ZwAllocateVirtualMemory","ZwFreeVirtualMemory","ZwProtectVirtualMemory","PsProcessType","KeLowerIrql","KfRaiseIrql","MmIsAddressValid","MmUserProbeAddress","KeAcquireSpinLockAtDpcLevel","KeReleaseSpinLockFromDpcLevel","IoCreateDevice","IoCreateSymbolicLink","IoDeleteDevice","IoDeleteSymbolicLink","IoReleaseRemoveLockEx","MmCopyMemory","MmProbeAndLockPages","MmUnlockPages","MmProtectMdlSystemAddress","MmMapLockedPagesSpecifyCache","MmUnmapLockedPages","IoAllocateMdl","IoFreeMdl","RtlGetVersion","MmUnmapIoSpace","MmMapIoSpaceEx","IoGetCurrentProcess","MmCopyVirtualMemory","KeInitializeEvent","KeSetEvent","KeWaitForSingleObject","KeRegisterNmiCallback","KeDeregisterNmiCallback","KeQueryActiveProcessorCountEx","KeQueryPrcbAddress","PsGetThreadProcess","KeInitializeAffinityEx","KeAddProcessorAffinityEx","ExAllocatePoolWithTag","_stricmp","RtlInitAnsiString","RtlAnsiStringToUnicodeString","RtlCompareUnicodeString","DbgPrint","RtlFindExportedRoutineByName","ExFreePoolWithTag","DbgPrintEx","RtlCopyUnicodeString","RtlInitUnicodeString","MmHighestUserAddress","IofCompleteRequest","HalSendNMI","WdfVersionBind","WdfLdrQueryInterface","WdfVersionUnbind","WdfVersionUnbindClass","WdfVersionBindClass"],"Signatures":[{"CertificatesInfo":"","SignerInfo":"","Certificates":[{"Subject":"C=US, ST=Washington, L=Redmond, O=Microsoft Corporation, CN=Microsoft Windows Hardware Compatibility Publisher","ValidFrom":"2023-04-06 19:16:30","ValidTo":"2024-04-03 19:16:30","Signature":"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","SignatureAlgorithmOID":"1.2.840.113549.1.1.11","IsCertificateAuthority":false,"SerialNumber":"3300000062f45cf99e58a96a89000000000062","Version":3,"CertificateType":"Leaf (Code Signing)","IsCodeSigning":true,"IsCA":false,"TBS":{"MD5":"93c79f426eb2f2a03b74a6275cac238f","SHA1":"e3ae60577ad97b4113d71845e11bd33a1ef2bea8","SHA256":"0f06228de7bacfbf65d426df80c4e40c5abfe5a2a402e6221dea03b18897de2b","SHA384":"4fcbd8696874577fdeed02d6f1245fb7f45d477850cbfdac0db27f478ed500665247ca122157f2678949f85e5386aa71"}},{"Subject":"C=US, ST=Washington, L=Redmond, O=Microsoft Corporation, CN=Microsoft Windows Third Party Component CA 2014","ValidFrom":"2014-10-15 20:31:27","ValidTo":"2029-10-15 20:41:27","Signature":"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","SignatureAlgorithmOID":"1.2.840.113549.1.1.11","IsCertificateAuthority":true,"SerialNumber":"330000000d690d5d7893d076df00000000000d","Version":3,"CertificateType":"CA","IsCodeSigning":false,"IsCA":true,"TBS":{"MD5":"83f69422963f11c3c340b81712eef319","SHA1":"0c5e5f24590b53bc291e28583acb78e5adc95601","SHA256":"d8be9e4d9074088ef818bc6f6fb64955e90378b2754155126feebbbd969cf0ae","SHA384":"260ad59ba706420f68ba212931153bd89f760c464b21be55fba9d014fff322407859d4ebfb78ea9a3330f60dc9821a63"}}],"Signer":[{"SerialNumber":"3300000062f45cf99e58a96a89000000000062","Issuer":"C=US, ST=Washington, L=Redmond, O=Microsoft Corporation, CN=Microsoft Windows Third Party Component CA 2014","Version":1}]}],"LoadsDespiteHVCI":"TRUE","Imphash":"9a763a78d71db4c69cfc550b2d5f9aad"}]}