c1143cd9-a709-4323-9678-2117285d1b47

NSecKrnl.sys :inline

Description

Driver used by ValleyRAT malware to terminate security processes via IOCTL 0x2248E0

  • UUID: c1143cd9-a709-4323-9678-2117285d1b47
  • Created: 2025-09-18
  • Author: Michael Haag

DownloadBlock

This download link contains the vulnerable driver!

Commands

sc.exe create NSecKrnl binPath=C:\windows\temp\NSecKrnl.sys type=kernel && sc.exe start NSecKrnl
Use CasePrivilegesOperating System
Terminate security processeskernelWindows 10

Detections

YARA 🏹

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Exact Match

with header and size limitation

Threat Hunting

without header and size limitation

Renamed

for renamed driver files

Sigma 🛡️

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Names

detects loading using name only

Hashes

detects loading using hashes only

Sysmon 🔎

Expand

Block

on hashes

Alert

on hashes

Resources


  • https://hexastrike.com/resources/blog/threat-intelligence/valleyrat-exploiting-byovd-to-kill-endpoint-security/

    • Known Vulnerable Samples

    PropertyValue
    Filename206f27ae820783b7755bca89f83a0fe096dbb510018dd65b63fc80bd20c03261
    Creation Timestamp2020-04-27 02:13:11
    MD580961850786d6531f075b8a6f9a756ad
    SHA1b0b912a3fd1c05d72080848ec4c92880004021a1
    SHA256206f27ae820783b7755bca89f83a0fe096dbb510018dd65b63fc80bd20c03261
    Authentihash MD50cd31f752c2fc1164a3c7b9486c1cd8d
    Authentihash SHA1383ceae579aa77bd7076eb03615e0469e425fd4f
    Authentihash SHA256cf24c69123d4a72445547f7b5ad6738fb47f2d3fab06e3d628b7278113a63ae0
    RichPEHeaderHash MD55b262c81b9b7b87cd3cdfa35f0bb75da
    RichPEHeaderHash SHA1efdb56cd9ff773a6560045049e471bcb98b7237f
    RichPEHeaderHash SHA256afbf064767a0e97971f5957d718a6592d3dc7605ed787e852e9d7b0d9256c789
    CompanyNSEC Co.,Ltd
    DescriptionNSecKrnl
    ProductNSEC
    OriginalFilenameNSecKrnl

    Download

    Certificates

    Expand
    Certificate 61204db4000000000027
    FieldValue
    ToBeSigned (TBS) MD58e3ffc222fbcebdbb8b23115ab259be7
    ToBeSigned (TBS) SHA1ee20bff28ffe13be731c294c90d6ded5aae0ec0e
    ToBeSigned (TBS) SHA25659826b69bc8c28118c96323b627da59aaca0b142cc5d8bad25a8fcfd399aa821
    SubjectCN=DigiCert High Assurance EV Root CA,OU=www.digicert.com,O=DigiCert Inc,C=US
    ValidFrom2011-04-15 19:45:33
    ValidTo2021-04-15 19:55:33
    Signature208cc159ed6f9c6b2dc14a3e751d454c41501cbd80ead9b0928b062a133f53169e56396a8a63b6782479f57db8b947a10a96c2f6cbbda2669f06e1acd279090efd3cdcac020c70af3f1bec787ed4eb4b056026d973619121edb06863e09712ab6fa012edd99fd2da273cb3e456f9d1d4810f71bd427ca689dccdd5bd95a2abf193117de8ac3129a85d6670419dfc75c9d5b31a392ad08505508bac91cac493cb71a59da4946f580cfa6e20c40831b5859d7e81f9d23dca5b18856c0a86ec22091ba574344f7f28bc954aab1db698b05d09a477767eefa78e5d84f61824cbd16da6c3a19cc2107580ff9d32fde6cf433a82f7ce8fe1722a9b62b75fed951a395c2f946d48b7015f332fbbdc2d73348904420a1c8b79f9a3fa17effaa11a10dfe0b2c195eb5c0c05973b353e18884ddb6cbf24898dc8bdd89f7b393a24a0d5dfd1f34a1a97f6a66f7a1fb090a9b3ac013991d361b764f13e573803afce7ad2b590f5aedc3999d5b63c97eda6cb16c77d6b2a4c9094e64c54fd1ecd20ecce689c8758e96160beeb0ec9d5197d9fe978bd0eac2175078fa96ee08c6a2a6b9ce3e765bcbc2d3c6ddc04dc67453632af0481bca8006e614c95c55cd48e8e9f2fc13274bdbd11650307cdefb75e0257da86d41a2834af8849b2cfa5dd82566f68aa14e25954feffeaeeefea9270226081e32523c09fcc0f49b235aa58c33ac3d9169410
    SignatureAlgorithmOID1.2.840.113549.1.1.5
    IsCertificateAuthorityTrue
    SerialNumber61204db4000000000027
    Version3
    Certificate 0f5b2784032c07b5e63dbba7be59710d
    FieldValue
    ToBeSigned (TBS) MD57e06eb9487b8718d228134b603f8a59a
    ToBeSigned (TBS) SHA1799d0d1de4e3fd810394cd65a17840827824c95b
    ToBeSigned (TBS) SHA2563c98cac97e5d563a906d7166c3939a991c0d3e30242732567ba6df6befede90c
    SubjectCN=Shandong Anzai Information Technology CO.,Ltd.,OU=Development,O=Shandong Anzai Information Technology CO.,Ltd.,L=Jinan,ST=Shandong,C=CN,2.5.4.17=250101,STREET=高新区新泺大街2008号银荷大厦C座606,2.5.4.5=91370100306819342R,2.5.4.15=Private Organization,1.3.6.1.4.1.311.60.2.1.1=Jinan,1.3.6.1.4.1.311.60.2.1.2=Shandong,1.3.6.1.4.1.311.60.2.1.3=CN
    ValidFrom2020-04-28 00:00:00
    ValidTo2021-03-22 12:00:00
    Signature3839475cba2451802a28f2519d44d484d24a2df89f1c7d38151696702e07ae2af536023585eaed2d7e20824612716b203e0d89af3a92f24ce6c1dcd647fd0130e03305e4da24fd2b98c806cf6514bd22b4b201e98ac64f62bea4efa353a7ab16ae2c59be2acb81565237ff3b2b93ddfc6c6c5844f6b7427ad69c18e4d74da0dc27cde8966c187b823649b3ba707c6f4af1ce03ae630913289bb78e91411f7c16c5a8a16bf027ece6172218cf42232ac6fc1234eae81fca8703721005ce93a0e4768ab33f3030bb0dbf57f2296406b54c19e4f6e262aeb4eba7015698bddf8e60f1e13c0bd4348b1562f160db7e17e6024fc731a9cf022a916a25e9f52f682626
    SignatureAlgorithmOID1.2.840.113549.1.1.11
    IsCertificateAuthorityFalse
    SerialNumber0f5b2784032c07b5e63dbba7be59710d
    Version3
    Certificate 03f1b4e15f3a82f1149678b3d7d8475c
    FieldValue
    ToBeSigned (TBS) MD583f5de89f641d0fbf60248e10a7b9534
    ToBeSigned (TBS) SHA1382a73a059a08698d6eb98c87e1b36fc750933a4
    ToBeSigned (TBS) SHA256eec58131dc11cd7f512501b15fdbc6074c603b68ca91f7162d5a042054edb0cf
    SubjectCN=DigiCert EV Code Signing CA (SHA2),OU=www.digicert.com,O=DigiCert Inc,C=US
    ValidFrom2012-04-18 12:00:00
    ValidTo2027-04-18 12:00:00
    Signature19334a0c813337dbad36c9e4c93abbb51b2e7aa2e2f44342179ebf4ea14de1b1dbe981dd9f01f2e488d5e9fe09fd21c1ec5d80d2f0d6c143c2fe772bdbf9d79133ce6cd5b2193be62ed6c9934f88408ecde1f57ef10fc6595672e8eb6a41bd1cd546d57c49ca663815c1bfe091707787dcc98d31c90c29a233ed8de287cd898d3f1bffd5e01a978b7cda6dfba8c6b23a666b7b01b3cdd8a634ec1201ab9558a5c45357a860e6e70212a0b92364a24dbb7c81256421becfee42184397bba53706af4dff26a54d614bec4641b865ceb8799e08960b818c8a3b8fc7998ca32a6e986d5e61c696b78ab9612d93b8eb0e0443d7f5fea6f062d4996aa5c1c1f0649480
    SignatureAlgorithmOID1.2.840.113549.1.1.11
    IsCertificateAuthorityTrue
    SerialNumber03f1b4e15f3a82f1149678b3d7d8475c
    Version3

    Imports

    Expand
    • ntoskrnl.exe

    Imported Functions

    Expand
    • RtlInitUnicodeString
    • IofCompleteRequest
    • IoCreateDevice
    • IoCreateSymbolicLink
    • IoDeleteDevice
    • IoDeleteSymbolicLink
    • PsSetCreateProcessNotifyRoutine
    • PsSetLoadImageNotifyRoutine
    • PsRemoveLoadImageNotifyRoutine
    • KeAcquireInStackQueuedSpinLock
    • KeReleaseInStackQueuedSpinLock
    • IoGetCurrentProcess
    • ObfDereferenceObject
    • ObRegisterCallbacks
    • ObUnRegisterCallbacks
    • ZwClose
    • PsGetCurrentProcessId
    • PsGetProcessId
    • ZwTerminateProcess
    • PsLookupProcessByProcessId
    • ObOpenObjectByPointer
    • PsProcessType

    Exported Functions

    Expand

    Sections

    Expand
    • .text
    • .rdata
    • .data
    • .pdata
    • INIT
    • .rsrc
    • .reloc

    Signature

    Expand
    {
  "Certificates": [
    {
      "CertificateType": "CA",
      "IsCA": true,
      "IsCertificateAuthority": true,
      "IsCodeSigning": false,
      "SerialNumber": "61204db4000000000027",
      "Signature": "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",
      "SignatureAlgorithmOID": "1.2.840.113549.1.1.5",
      "Subject": "CN=DigiCert High Assurance EV Root CA,OU=www.digicert.com,O=DigiCert Inc,C=US",
      "TBS": {
        "MD5": "8e3ffc222fbcebdbb8b23115ab259be7",
        "SHA1": "ee20bff28ffe13be731c294c90d6ded5aae0ec0e",
        "SHA256": "59826b69bc8c28118c96323b627da59aaca0b142cc5d8bad25a8fcfd399aa821",
        "SHA384": "f2dab7e56a33298654924501499487f6ba72c7d9477476a186e1ed7a9be031fade0e35ac09eff5e56bbbab95ae5374e7"
      },
      "ValidFrom": "2011-04-15 19:45:33",
      "ValidTo": "2021-04-15 19:55:33",
      "Version": 3
    },
    {
      "CertificateType": "Leaf (Code Signing)",
      "IsCA": false,
      "IsCertificateAuthority": false,
      "IsCodeSigning": true,
      "SerialNumber": "0f5b2784032c07b5e63dbba7be59710d",
      "Signature": "3839475cba2451802a28f2519d44d484d24a2df89f1c7d38151696702e07ae2af536023585eaed2d7e20824612716b203e0d89af3a92f24ce6c1dcd647fd0130e03305e4da24fd2b98c806cf6514bd22b4b201e98ac64f62bea4efa353a7ab16ae2c59be2acb81565237ff3b2b93ddfc6c6c5844f6b7427ad69c18e4d74da0dc27cde8966c187b823649b3ba707c6f4af1ce03ae630913289bb78e91411f7c16c5a8a16bf027ece6172218cf42232ac6fc1234eae81fca8703721005ce93a0e4768ab33f3030bb0dbf57f2296406b54c19e4f6e262aeb4eba7015698bddf8e60f1e13c0bd4348b1562f160db7e17e6024fc731a9cf022a916a25e9f52f682626",
      "SignatureAlgorithmOID": "1.2.840.113549.1.1.11",
      "Subject": "CN=Shandong Anzai Information Technology CO.,Ltd.,OU=Development,O=Shandong Anzai Information Technology CO.,Ltd.,L=Jinan,ST=Shandong,C=CN,2.5.4.17=250101,STREET=\u9ad8\u65b0\u533a\u65b0\u6cfa\u5927\u88572008\u53f7\u94f6\u8377\u5927\u53a6C\u5ea7606,2.5.4.5=91370100306819342R,2.5.4.15=Private Organization,1.3.6.1.4.1.311.60.2.1.1=Jinan,1.3.6.1.4.1.311.60.2.1.2=Shandong,1.3.6.1.4.1.311.60.2.1.3=CN",
      "TBS": {
        "MD5": "7e06eb9487b8718d228134b603f8a59a",
        "SHA1": "799d0d1de4e3fd810394cd65a17840827824c95b",
        "SHA256": "3c98cac97e5d563a906d7166c3939a991c0d3e30242732567ba6df6befede90c",
        "SHA384": "480916146947ecb7567b657d140afb826098880d2415a6d4cbc895c9571ddb85cc5327f5cbfe3f1c8a7f2ae6ed9a3333"
      },
      "ValidFrom": "2020-04-28 00:00:00",
      "ValidTo": "2021-03-22 12:00:00",
      "Version": 3
    },
    {
      "CertificateType": "CA",
      "IsCA": true,
      "IsCertificateAuthority": true,
      "IsCodeSigning": true,
      "SerialNumber": "03f1b4e15f3a82f1149678b3d7d8475c",
      "Signature": "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",
      "SignatureAlgorithmOID": "1.2.840.113549.1.1.11",
      "Subject": "CN=DigiCert EV Code Signing CA (SHA2),OU=www.digicert.com,O=DigiCert Inc,C=US",
      "TBS": {
        "MD5": "83f5de89f641d0fbf60248e10a7b9534",
        "SHA1": "382a73a059a08698d6eb98c87e1b36fc750933a4",
        "SHA256": "eec58131dc11cd7f512501b15fdbc6074c603b68ca91f7162d5a042054edb0cf",
        "SHA384": "4a25018683cabfb8ec2cad136334f37f33c89aa8540326322991d997c8adfb7faf06ab602ebd46630fe75fe3d2edc6b1"
      },
      "ValidFrom": "2012-04-18 12:00:00",
      "ValidTo": "2027-04-18 12:00:00",
      "Version": 3
    }
  ],
  "CertificatesInfo": "",
  "Signer": [
    {
      "Issuer": "CN=Microsoft Code Verification Root,O=Microsoft Corporation,L=Redmond,ST=Washington,C=US",
      "SerialNumber": "0f5b2784032c07b5e63dbba7be59710d",
      "Version": 1
    }
  ],
  "SignerInfo": ""
}

    source

    last_updated: 2026-01-07