c22dd43e-cf1f-4338-a109-d662198ffbe9
d591004.sys

Description
d591004.sys is a vulnerable kernel driver from the KeServiceDescriptorTable/vulnerable-drivers repository. The driver exposes dangerous kernel primitives to usermode.
- UUID: c22dd43e-cf1f-4338-a109-d662198ffbe9
- Created: 2026-04-17
- Author: Michael Haag
- Acknowledgement: | [@rainbowdynamix, @DbgPrint](https://twitter.com/@rainbowdynamix, @DbgPrint)
This download link contains the vulnerable driver!
Commands
sc.exe create d591004 binPath=C:\windows\temp\d591004.sys type=kernel && sc.exe start d591004
| Use Case | Privileges | Operating System |
|---|---|---|
| Elevate privileges | kernel | Windows 10 |
Detections
YARA 🏹
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with header and size limitation
without header and size limitation
for renamed driver files
Resources
Known Vulnerable Samples
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Filename | d591004.sys |
| Creation Timestamp | 2024-11-12 03:24:21 |
| MD5 | 1ff3fade2ecd00882eefff12ebbb8783 |
| SHA1 | 1cb772bb82658593e2bf28330f4ad5e49041fec2 |
| SHA256 | 1da4f7f001d239a54fab50eb7c3cbc985db392a3d4405e19c3a5d2035d591004 |
| Authentihash MD5 | 0f29659d77ca6df9f64c9a0bce73c9cd |
| Authentihash SHA1 | bd1321f719681f9c692f56ecf3154ca131db80a6 |
| Authentihash SHA256 | 202f7501dbbdcd859b0211ab54f340723d005becce499ca1b3d8469e73529848 |
| RichPEHeaderHash MD5 | 18f226b0c360ae47f044bae75019e620 |
| RichPEHeaderHash SHA1 | cb5b5cc4c758e795bbb000e28ee25f2b8d2ad1c8 |
| RichPEHeaderHash SHA256 | 8ea6b0c96a5ed8eb1e82c2f44149286b74f4818524ab18026430d10dd6d485c9 |
Certificates
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Certificate 330000006daa072f958218c9e300000000006d
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| ToBeSigned (TBS) MD5 | 4320213204f73b9d506bbcbb35111c2d |
| ToBeSigned (TBS) SHA1 | d3cbbc8331d4d84555a6726d48dfd9571738bd25 |
| ToBeSigned (TBS) SHA256 | fe99f47e601d6b8ab1e89961000f680bf3b0e0629a8a59864e76f135e0c89699 |
| Subject | C=US, ST=Washington, L=Redmond, O=Microsoft Corporation, CN=Microsoft Windows Hardware Compatibility Publisher |
| ValidFrom | 2024-10-10 19:04:52 |
| ValidTo | 2025-10-08 19:04:52 |
| Signature | 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 |
| SignatureAlgorithmOID | 1.2.840.113549.1.1.11 |
| IsCertificateAuthority | False |
| SerialNumber | 330000006daa072f958218c9e300000000006d |
| Version | 3 |
Certificate 330000000d690d5d7893d076df00000000000d
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| ToBeSigned (TBS) MD5 | 83f69422963f11c3c340b81712eef319 |
| ToBeSigned (TBS) SHA1 | 0c5e5f24590b53bc291e28583acb78e5adc95601 |
| ToBeSigned (TBS) SHA256 | d8be9e4d9074088ef818bc6f6fb64955e90378b2754155126feebbbd969cf0ae |
| Subject | C=US, ST=Washington, L=Redmond, O=Microsoft Corporation, CN=Microsoft Windows Third Party Component CA 2014 |
| ValidFrom | 2014-10-15 20:31:27 |
| ValidTo | 2029-10-15 20:41:27 |
| Signature | 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 |
| SignatureAlgorithmOID | 1.2.840.113549.1.1.11 |
| IsCertificateAuthority | True |
| SerialNumber | 330000000d690d5d7893d076df00000000000d |
| Version | 3 |
Imports
Expand
- fwpkclnt.sys
- ntoskrnl.exe
- WDFLDR.SYS
Imported Functions
Expand
- FwpsApplyModifiedLayerData0
- FwpsRedirectHandleCreate0
- FwpsAcquireWritableLayerDataPointer0
- FwpsQueryConnectionRedirectState0
- FwpsReleaseClassifyHandle0
- FwpsAcquireClassifyHandle0
- FwpsCalloutRegister2
- RtlInitUnicodeString
- IofCompleteRequest
- IoCreateDevice
- IoCreateSymbolicLink
- IoDeleteDevice
- ExFreePoolWithTag
- ObfDereferenceObject
- ZwCreateFile
- ZwQueryInformationFile
- ZwClose
- PsLookupProcessByProcessId
- PsReferenceProcessFilePointer
- RtlCompareMemory
- KeInitializeSpinLock
- KeAcquireInStackQueuedSpinLock
- KeReleaseInStackQueuedSpinLock
- PsCreateSystemThread
- ZwOpenProcess
- ZwWaitForSingleObject
- RtlIpv4AddressToStringA
- IoGetCurrentProcess
- PsGetProcessId
- PsProcessType
- PsSetCreateProcessNotifyRoutine
- KeStackAttachProcess
- KeUnstackDetachProcess
- PsGetProcessWow64Process
- PsGetProcessImageFileName
- PsGetProcessPeb
- RtlInitAnsiString
- RtlAnsiStringToUnicodeString
- RtlFreeUnicodeString
- ExAllocatePool
- _vsnprintf
- _vsnwprintf
- KeEnterCriticalRegion
- KeLeaveCriticalRegion
- ExInitializeResourceLite
- ExAcquireResourceSharedLite
- ExAcquireResourceExclusiveLite
- ExReleaseResourceLite
- ExAllocatePoolWithTag
- ObReferenceObjectByHandle
- ZwSetInformationFile
- ZwReadFile
- ZwWriteFile
- IoFileObjectType
- ZwTerminateProcess
- MmGetSystemRoutineAddress
- __C_specific_handler
- KeInitializeEvent
- KeWaitForSingleObject
- KeQueryTimeIncrement
- RtlRandomEx
- RtlGetVersion
- KeBugCheckEx
- RtlCopyUnicodeString
- _wcslwr
- wcsstr
- ExSystemTimeToLocalTime
- RtlTimeToTimeFields
- WdfVersionUnbind
- WdfVersionBindClass
- WdfVersionUnbindClass
- WdfVersionBind
Exported Functions
Expand
Sections
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- .text
- .rdata
- .data
- .pdata
- .gfids
- INIT
- .reloc
Signature
Expand
{
"Certificates": [
{
"CertificateType": "Leaf (Code Signing)",
"IsCA": false,
"IsCertificateAuthority": false,
"IsCodeSigning": true,
"SerialNumber": "330000006daa072f958218c9e300000000006d",
"Signature": "1bfc71b1c6ae1f779c132566b0692231de393c7578f2ae3adafa2968f4c01599d9dde8827a1f2ec65c46c56cad36987c0df5b1ec1c36576126f5fb988923b3c7f3f111749105254facfc1831516dba7fa7265753447f94b11979a3e9aba7f5dbd87e3f0f034229a34c7fb10cb7a90f197ffd35432e4244ee7666d4a48de1586b61b1072d441cd345eb140b613fd0fef87ab5eef73985d940029d30870053909e8550e94cb4e63696e82a182a7632267efb6056cf7c7b05c108645ea8698bba379bfa31e6bf7e179edbc3e559bbfe1fa8bf5c6b0c783edebac68aefa287bd16c1fcf2e00839c693e40e79f7c63447712a321c2ca5ee1dd2a0e03bde2702d9320a50d20439f395257fb6c5af0c11432c52801127d4bc45c0a65c660f5769fdf250aaba99a74bef0885f21a040f11e6364ba7499c795b39ca0972ff857d4e7c9bc08f257cb8dadb28817b62de202f3639de9db076ad8ee6b71a3cea1a1a476a510a3197fce4592654389629c6108656d9132971b2e55f3d19963d966a6869712265b662dcc7c92d6e3659d429c814f3efdf05ded84fe8654a039222dbe133a7992e04f05d8d7642ceb159cc705b832ec2f507ba8604047a01ff37fd69397ad861ad766df8e4e296199d81d89f708550a04d774da5c1b50062e06a72badcdb12f94820b5b834442ada4a82ce25d0450a519cac28d8362bd182257b1b80cf930e92d0",
"SignatureAlgorithmOID": "1.2.840.113549.1.1.11",
"Subject": "C=US, ST=Washington, L=Redmond, O=Microsoft Corporation, CN=Microsoft Windows Hardware Compatibility Publisher",
"TBS": {
"MD5": "4320213204f73b9d506bbcbb35111c2d",
"SHA1": "d3cbbc8331d4d84555a6726d48dfd9571738bd25",
"SHA256": "fe99f47e601d6b8ab1e89961000f680bf3b0e0629a8a59864e76f135e0c89699",
"SHA384": "e0a64b97e2ac3d56d42b593fccee2d0e80fc626b8161f60a36a2adef8fe94c7c06c7509816d1c2211400626fc1fc63c7"
},
"ValidFrom": "2024-10-10 19:04:52",
"ValidTo": "2025-10-08 19:04:52",
"Version": 3
},
{
"CertificateType": "CA",
"IsCA": true,
"IsCertificateAuthority": true,
"IsCodeSigning": false,
"SerialNumber": "330000000d690d5d7893d076df00000000000d",
"Signature": "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",
"SignatureAlgorithmOID": "1.2.840.113549.1.1.11",
"Subject": "C=US, ST=Washington, L=Redmond, O=Microsoft Corporation, CN=Microsoft Windows Third Party Component CA 2014",
"TBS": {
"MD5": "83f69422963f11c3c340b81712eef319",
"SHA1": "0c5e5f24590b53bc291e28583acb78e5adc95601",
"SHA256": "d8be9e4d9074088ef818bc6f6fb64955e90378b2754155126feebbbd969cf0ae",
"SHA384": "260ad59ba706420f68ba212931153bd89f760c464b21be55fba9d014fff322407859d4ebfb78ea9a3330f60dc9821a63"
},
"ValidFrom": "2014-10-15 20:31:27",
"ValidTo": "2029-10-15 20:41:27",
"Version": 3
}
],
"CertificatesInfo": "",
"Signer": [
{
"Issuer": "C=US, ST=Washington, L=Redmond, O=Microsoft Corporation, CN=Microsoft Windows Third Party Component CA 2014",
"SerialNumber": "330000006daa072f958218c9e300000000006d",
"Version": 1
}
],
"SignerInfo": ""
}
last_updated: 2026-04-20
